Quran - about sky and orbits
(37.36) And a sign for them is the night. We withdraw therefrom the day, and behold, they are in darkness. وَءَايَةٌ لَّهُمُ الَّيْلُ نَسْلَخُ مِنْهُ النَّهَارَ فَإِذَا هُم مُّظْلِمُونَ
(38.36) And the sun runs on its fixed course for a term (appointed). That is the decree of the Almighty, the All-Knowing. وَالشَّمْسُ تَجْرِى لِمُسْتَقَرٍّ لَّهَـا ذَلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ
(39.36) And the moon, We have decreed for it stages, till it returns like the old dried curved date stalk. وَالْقَمَرَ قَدَّرْنَـهُ مَنَازِلَ حَتَّى عَادَ كَالعُرجُونِ الْقَدِيمِ
(40.36) It is not for the sun to overtake the moon, nor does the night outstrip the day. They all float, each in an orbit. لاَ الشَّمْسُ يَنبَغِى لَهَآ أَن تدْرِكَ القَمَرَ وَلاَ الَّيْلُ سَابِقُ النَّهَارِ وَكُلٌّ فِى فَلَكٍ يَسْبَحُونَ
(32.21) - And We have made the heaven a roof, safe and well-guarded. Yet they turn away from its signs. وَجَعَلْنَا السَّمَآءَ سَقْفاً مَّحْفُوظاً وَهُمْ عَنْ ءَايَـتِهَا مُعْرِضُونَ
(33.21) - And He it is Who has created the night and the day, and the sun and the moon, each in an orbit floating. وَهُوَ الَّذِى خَلَقَ الَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَـرَ وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ فِى فَلَكٍ يَسْبَحُونَ
- (And He it is Who has created the night and the day) - the night with its darkness and stillness, and the day with its light and human interaction. Sometimes the night is longer while the day is shorter, or the opposite way. (winter and summer season)
- (And the sun and the moon) - the sun with its own light and its own path and orbit and allotted time, and the moon which shines with a different light (reflecting light from the sun) and travels on a different path and has its own allotted time.
- (each in an orbit floating) - means, revolving. Ibn `Abbas said, "They revolve like a spinning wheel, in a circle.
(105.12) - And how many a sign in the heavens and the earth they pass by, while they are averse therefrom. وَكَأَيِّن مِّن ءَايَةٍ فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ يَمُرُّونَ عَلَيْهَا وَهُمْ عَنْهَا مُعْرِضُونَ
(7.51) By the heaven full of Hubuk (paths and orbits)وَالسَّمَآءِ ذَاتِ الْحُبُكِ
(Ad-Dahhak, Al-Minhal bin `Amr and others said, "The meandering of the water, sand and plants when the wind passes over them; carving paths out of them, that is the Hubuk (paths)." The sky is high above us, clear yet thick, firmly structured, spacious and graceful, beautified with stars such as the sun and orbiting planets such as the moon and the planets of the solar system)
